Offshore Grids in Low-Carbon Energy Systems
Long-Term Transmission Expansion Planning in Energy Systems with Cross-Sectoral Integration using Decomposition Algorithms and Aggregation Methods for Large-Scale Optimisation Problems
Philipp Härtel
Hrsg.: Fraunhofer IEE, Kassel
2021, 406 S., num., mostly col. illus. and tab., Softcover
Sprache: Englisch
Kassel, Univ., Diss., 2020
Fraunhofer Verlag
ISBN 978-3-8396-1713-7

zur Open Access Version

Inhalt
This guidebook was written between 2018 and 2021 by seventeen authors within the IEA DHC/CHP TS2 annex. The content is based on more than 250 literature references and 165 inspiration initiatives to obtain lower temperatures in buildings and heat distribution networks. The author group wrote 40 internal documents about early implementations of low‐temperature district heating. Fifteen of these early implementations are presented in this guidebook.
The guidebook contains aggregated information about the main economic drivers for low‐temperature district heating. It shows how to obtain lower temperatures in heating systems inside existing and new buildings as well as in existing and new heat distribution networks. An applied study of a campus system in Darmstadt shows the possibility of reducing temperatures in an existing heat distribution network with rather high temperatures. The competitiveness of low‐temperature district heating is explored by analysing business models and heat distribution costs. Early adopters of low‐temperature district heating are presented by examples and by identified transition strategies. Five groups of network configurations with fourteen variants are presented to be used for low‐temperature district heating. Finally, all 165 identified inspiration initiatives and all 137 locations mentioned are listed.

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